(Burseraceae) Garuga pinnata Roxb.

Local name(s): (sah kam)

Medicinal use(s): treat intestinal ulcer

Part(s) used: stem

Field Characters: A large tree 20-30 m tall, leaves hairy, fruits large, round.

Locality: Vientiane Province, Feuang Disrict.

GPS reading: 

Habitat: Forests

Altitude: asl 

Collector(s): Bounhong Southavong 

Collection number(s): BS 126

Collection Date: May 10, 1999

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Local name(s): 

Medicinal use(s): 

Part(s) used: 

Field Characters: Tree 30 m tall, dbh 80 cm; buttresses small; bark gray brown, irregularly cracked; slash pale brown, turning bright orange-brown; wood dirty white; duramen beef-red; fruits greenish yellow.

Locality: Laos, Prefecture of Vientiane, Sikhot Tabong District, Ban Ang Nhai, mountains north of village. GPS reading: 18o 24’ 9N";  102o 22’ 20" E.

Habitat: Mountain slopes, remnant of primary forest with bamboos of different species and sizes. A primary forest 20-30 years previously.

Altitude: 400 - 475 m asl 

Collector(s): D.D. Soejarto, K. Sydara 

Collection number(s): DDS 10853

Collection Date: July 8, 1999

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Local name(s): 

Medicinal use(s): 

Part(s) used: 

Field Characters: Treelet leafless of 10m in heigh on a limestone crevice, fls, and entire inflorescences creamy to dirty white, showy from a distance, each flower dull yellow-white, young fruits green.

Locality: Khammuan Province, Hinboun District, road Hinboun Hydroelectric Station to Vientiane, ca. 4 km from Khoun Kham Village. GPS reading: 18o 11’ N; 104o 29’ E.

Habitat: Roadside gallery forest at foot of limestone formation.

Altitude: 300 m asl 

Collector(s): D.D. Soejarto, S. Bouamanivong 

Collection number(s): DDS 11962

Collection Date: February 18, 2002

Additional information:  

  • Voucher specimen is in deposit at the Field Museum (F) Herbarium, Chicago, USA under accession no. 2245996; 2218198; 2334774.
  • Plant samples were collected and submitted for anticancer and anti-HIV testing at the US National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Synonyms, images, taxonomic description: 

Plants of the World onlineFlora of China Vol. 11 Page 107, 108GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Useful references:


Bhandari R, Gyawali S, Aryal N, et al. Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antioxidant, and Memory-Enhancing Activity of Garuga pinnata Roxb. Bark and Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam) Oken. Leaves. Scientific World Journal 2021, 2021:6649574.  doi: 10.1155/2021/6649574 
Chavan S, Dias R, Magdum C.  Garuga pinnata attenuates oxidative stress and liver damage in chemically induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 2021, 8(1), 235–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808X.2021.1961207  
Konakanchi S, Vadluri R, Anumula KS, et al. Antiproliferative, molecular docking, and bioavailability studies of diarylheptanoids isolated from stem bark of Garuga pinnata Rox B. 3 Biotech 2023,13(6):208. doi: 10.1007/s13205-023-03581-4